Contributed by
Deng-Yuan Hsu and Pao-Yu Ching,

ChingKang Mountains Institute


RETHINKING SOCIALISM:
WHAT IS SOCIALIST TRANSITION?





Prepared © for the Internet by David J. Romagnolo, [email protected] (May 2000)



 

Appendix

TABLE  1

Changes in the Economic Relations Between the State and the Collectives
1957 and 1978


1957

1978

Agricultural investment as percent of total
  state investment
Investment in agricultural input industries
  as percent of heavy industry investment
Agricultural taxes as percent of
  total State taxes
  as percent of total state Revenue
State expenditure on agriculture as percent
  of total state expenditure
Terms of trade for the agricultural sector
  (1950 = 100)


     7.8 (a)
 
     3.0 (a)
 
19.2
 9.6
 
     7.4 (a)
 
130.4 


  12.5 (b)
 
  11.1(b)
 
5.5
2.5
 
  12.6 (c)
 
188.8  


(a) For the period of 1963-57.
(b) For the period of 1976-78.
(c) For the period of 1976-77.




Source:  Nicholas R. Lardy. Agriculture in China's Modern Economic Development, Cambridge University Press, 1983, pp. 130-131; Statistical Yearbook of China, 1983, pp. 445-447; and Xi Yi, Pricing Problem Under Socialism, (published in Chinese, Beijing, China's Finance and Economic Publishers, 1982. p. 76.)


 

TABLE  2

Advancement in the Levels of Modernization in Agriculture


Item Unit

1952

1957

1965

1979

Tractor-ploughed area
as % of total cultivated area %

Irrigation area 10,000 ha
as % of total cultivated area %

Power-irrigated area
as % of total irrigated area %

Chernical fertilizer applied
per ha kilo

Small hydropower stations
in rural area

Generating capacity

Electricity consumption
per ha

10,000 ha
 
 
 
 
 
10,000 ha
 
 
10,000 ha
 
 
in number
 
 
10,000 kw
 
in mil kwh
w

13.6
0.1
 
1,995.9
18.5
 
31.7
1.6
 
7.8
0.7
 
9
 
 
0.8
 
50
1.3

263.6
2.4
 
2,733.9
24.4
 
120.2
4.4
 
37.3
3.3
 
544
 
 
2.0
 
140
3.8

1,557.9
15.0
 
3,305.5
31.9
 
809.3
24.5
 
194.2
18.7
 
n.a.
 
 
n.a.
 
3,710
284.1

4,221.9
42.2
 
4,500.3
45.2
 
2,532.1
56.3
 
1,086.3
109.2
 
83,224
 
 
76.3
 
28,270
 


Source: Statistical Yearbook of China, 1983, p. 197, and 1981 China Economic Yearbook (in Chinese), VI, p. 13.






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