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    Golos Sotsial-Demokrata No. 19-20 and the manifesto of Comrades Axelrod, Dan, Martov and Martynov, published separately under the heading "Letter to the Comrades", are so much in the nature of a bomb intended to disrupt the Party immediately after the unity plenum that we are forced to come forward with an immediate, although brief and incomplete, warning, and to address a caution to all Social-Democrats.

    We shall begin with the fact that Golos Sotsial-Demokrata directs its fire at us, at the editorial board of the Central Organ. It accuses us, through the mouth of Comrade Martov, of relegating his article to Diskussionny Listok.[78]"My article does not discuss the decisions of the plenum at all," writes Comrade Martov and he lays stress on this; the same thing is repeated word for word in the "Letter to the Comrades".

    Anyone who cares to read Comrade Martov's article headed "On the Right Path", will see that it directly discusses the decisions of the plenum, directly opposes the decisions on the composition of the Central Organ, and gives a detailed justification of the theory of the equality of trends, of the "neutralisation " of trends. The glaring untruth uttered by Comrade Martov and the whole editorial board of Golos in alleging that this controversial article "does not discuss" the decisions of the plenum looks like a downright mockery of Party decisions.

    If anyone is unclear about the difference between discussing the decisions of the plenum and conscientiously

 
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implementing the line of the plenum in the Central Organ itself, we invite such people, and particularly the Mensheviks, to reflect on Comrade Plekhanov's instructive article in the current issue of the Central Organ and on the no less instructive No. 11 of Dnevnik Sotsial-Demokrata by the same author. A Menshevik who does not want to flout the Party decision and Party unity cannot deny that in Dnevnik Comrade Plekhanov discusses the decisions of the plenum, where as in the article "In Defence of Underground Activity" he defends the Party line. How can one fail to understand this difference unless one is pursuing the malicious aim of disrupting the decisions of the plenum?

    But it is not enough that Comrade Martov and the whole editorial board of Golos utter a glaring untruth in alleging that the article "On the Right Path" does not discuss the decisions of the plenum. The article contains something far worse. It is based entirely on the theory of equality of the illegal Party, i.e., the R.S.D.L.P., on the one hand, and of the legalists, who have broken away from the Party, yet want to be called Social-Democrats, on the other. The article is based entirely on the theory of a split between these "two parts" of the working-class vanguard, these "two parts of Social-Democracy ", which should unite on the same principles of "equality and neutralisation" on which all parts of a whole that have split up always unite!

    Shortage of space prevents us from adding to the quotations confirming this description of Martov's views. This will be done in a series of other articles, if it is at all necessary, for scarcely anyone will dare to deny that Martov puts forward the "theory of equality".

    Yet this new theory is in direct opposition to the decisions of the plenum; more than that, it is a downright mockery of them. The meaning of these decisions, which is clear to all who are conscientiously fulfilling the decisions of the plenum, is that what has to be done away with is the split between the pro-Party Mensheviks and the pro-Party Bolsheviks, the split between these ancient factions, and by no means the "split" between all the legalists in general and our illegal R.S.D.L.P. The legalists who have broken away from the Party are not at all to be regarded as a "part of Social-Democracy" similar to the Party or on a par with the

 
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Party. On the contrary, they are being called back to the Party on the definitely expressed condition that they break with liquidationism (i.e., legalism at all costs) and come over to the Party standpoint, to the "Party way of life". The Central Committee's letter on the conference, this official commentary on the resolutions of the plenum, one which is absolutely binding on the Party, says with the utmost clarity that it is the illegal organisations [*] that must judge whether the legalists are in actual fact pro-Party, i.e., it specifically rejects the "theory of equality"!

    By a specific decision of the plenum this letter of the Central Committee was drawn up by a special committee consisting of Comrades Grigory,[79] Innokenty[80] and Martov. The letter was endorsed unanimously by the whole of this committee. Now Comrade Martov, as if inspired by some evil spirit, performs a volte-face, writes an article wholly imbued with a directly opposite theory, and in addition complains, as if in mockery of the Party, when this article is declared controversial!

    It is quite obvious that this theory of equality, which is expressed in all the other articles of Golos still more sharply and crudely than in the case of Martov, leads in fact to the Party being subordinated to the liquidators, for the legalist who sets himself against the illegal Party, considering himself on a par with it, is nothing but a liquidator. The "equality" between an illegal Social-Democrat who is persecuted by the police and a legalist who is safeguarded by his legality and his divorce from the Party is in fact the "equality" between the worker and the capitalist.

    All this is so apparent, Golos 's contemptuous treatment of the decision of the plenum and of the explanation of this decision in the Central Committee's letter is so obvious, that Martov's article can only be called one that points

editors of Golos against the decisions of the plenum amounts to. After the unity plenum they came out with a much more open and much more impudent defence of liquidationism than prior to it. When their manifesto tells the Mensheviks that the letter of the C.C. Bureau Abroad to the groups,[81] which calls for the creation of real unity, was adopted against the votes of the Menshevik and Bundist members of the Bureau Abroad, everyone realises that we are confronted with a poorly disguised call for non-compliance with this letter and for disruption of unity abroad. Let the pro-Party Mensheviks who condemn the Golosists pass from condemnation to action if they want at all costs to uphold Party unity. This unity depends now on the pro-Party Mensheviks, on their readiness and ability to wage an open fight both against the foreign and the Russian "actual centre" of the Golosist liquidators.

    This Russian centre, the Russian M.C. (Menshevik centre) comes out plainly in Golos No. 19-20 with an "Open Letter" in which Plekhanov is declared "a liquidator of the ideas of Menshevism". The Mensheviks' withdrawal from the Party is explained -- it would be more correct to say, is justified -- by the "universally known phenomenon of the necrosis of the Party units"!! Those who withdraw -- the manifesto of the M.C. tells us -- are "falsely called liquidators" (p. 24 of Golos ).

    We ask any Social-Democrats who are at all capable of impartiality, we ask particularly working-class Social-Democrats, irrespective of trends, whether the appearance of such a manifesto of the M.C. on the morrow of the plenum does not reduce to naught the efforts for unity.

    We consider it our duty to inform the whole Party of the names of those who signed this famous document, which, we are sure, will have the ill-fame attaching to the name of Herostratus: 1) Avgustovsky, 2) Anton, 3) Vadim, 4) V. Petrova, 5) Georgy, 6) Georg, 7) Yevg. Ha-az, 8) Kramolnikov, 9) D. Koltsov, 10) Nat. Mikhailova, 11) Roman, 12) Romul, 13) Solomonov, 14) Cherevanin (of course!), 15) Yuri, 16) Y. P-y.[82]

    "These signatories," says the editorial board of Golos "are old Party workers, well-known to the editorial board, some of them have held responsible posts in the Party."

 
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    These names, we reply, will be nailed to the pillory by all class-conscious Social-Democratic workers when they read Golos S. D. No. 19-20, when they learn the decisions of the plenum, when they become aware of the following fact:

    The Russian Bureau of the C.C. has recently sent an official letter to the C.C.B.A. (the executive organ abroad of the Central Committee). This letter states in so many words:

    . . . "We made a proposal to Comrades Mikhail,[83] Roman and Yuri [we stressed these names above ] that they should set to work, but we received a reply from them saying that not only do they consider the decisions of the plenum harmful but they find the very existence of the C.C. harmful. On these grounds, they refuse even to appear at any meeting for co-optation "*. . . .

    (Let us make it clear for our own part: the chiefs of the Menshevik centre not only themselves refuse to support the C.C., but they refuse to appear for co-opting other Mensheviks, for co-opting Menshevik workers, being very well aware that the refusal to appear for the co-optation will hold up the work of the C.C., will hold up its formation, and will compel the C.C. to postpone, perhaps for months, the very commencement of its work as a C.C.)

 
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    Thus the same people who declare in print, with the assistance and approval of Axelrod, Dan, Martov and Martynov, that Plekhanov "falsely calls them 'liquidators'" are directly disrupting the very existence of the C.C. and are proclaiming its existence harmful.

    The same people who are exclaiming in the illegal press (through Golos ) and in the legal press (through the liberals) about "the universally known phenomenon of the necrosis of the Party units", are themselves disrupting attempts to put in order, restore and set going these Party units and even such a Party unit as the Central Committee.

    Let all Social-Democrats be aware now who the manifesto of Comrades Axelrod, Dan, Martov and Martynov is alluding to when it speaks of "leaders of the legal movement who have now occupied the advanced posts of the militant proletariat". Let all Social-Democrats be aware now who it is that the editorial board of Golos is addressing when it writes: "We should like the comrades [of the type of Mikhail, Roman and Yuri] to appreciate the breach which has been made in the official dogma that has actually condemned the Party organisation to inevitable decay, and to attempt to occupy the positions that have been opened to them [Mikhail, Roman, Yuri and the like] owing to this breach."

    We address ourselves to all organisations, to all groups of our Party, and we ask them: do they intend to tolerate this flouting of Social-Democracy? Is it permissible now to remain passive spectators of what is taking place, or is it obligatory for them to undertake a resolute fight against the trend that is undermining the very existence of the Party?

    We ask all Russian Social-Democrats: can they now still remain in doubt as to the practical, real political significance of the "theory of equality" of trends, of the equality of the legalists and the illegal Party, of the theory of the fight for legality", etc., etc.?

    These theories, these arguments, these loopholes, are the verbal shield behind which are concealed such enemies of Social-Democracy as those like Mikhail, Roman and Yuri, such political accomplices of them as the sixteen Herostratean Mensheviks, such ideological leaders as the literati who conduct the "Voice of the Liquidators ".

 
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    And so, No. 19-20 of Golos Sotsial-Demokrata and the splitting manifesto of the four editors of Golos, "To the Comrades", is direct agitation:

    for a factional organ against unity,
    against unity abroad,
    in defence of flagrant liquidationism,
    in defence of the downright opponents of the very existence of the C.C.

    The conspiracy against the Party is revealed. Let all to whom the existence of the R.S.D.L.P. is dear come to the aid of the Party!

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  [77] The article "Golos (Voice ) of the Liquidators Against the Party " was written by Lenin as an editorial for No. 12 of the newspaper Sotsial-Demokrat. The article was issued as a separate print in the second half of March and afterwards published in the newspaper Sotsial-Demokrat.    [p. 156]

  ^[78] Diskussionny Listok (Discussion Bulletin ) -- a supplement to Sotsial-Demokrat, the Central Organ of the R.S.D.L.P. It was published in Paris by a decision of the January (1910) plenum of the Central Committee of the R.S.D.L.P. from March 6 (19), 1910 to April 29 (May 12), 1911; three numbers were issued.    [p. 156]

  ^[79] Grigory -- G. Y. Zinoviev.    [p. 158]

  ^[80] Innokenty -- I. F. Dubrovinsky.    [p. 158]

  ^[81] The Letter of the Central Committee Bureau Abroad of the R.S.D.L.P. "To All Comrades Abroad" was published as a separate leaflet on March 3 (16), 1910.
    The Central Committee Bureau Abroad (C.C.B.A.) was set up by the plenum of the Central Committee of the R.S.D.L.P. in August 1908 as the general representative body of the Party abroad, subordinate and accountable to the Russian Bureau of the Central Committee. Shortly after the January plenum, a liquidationist majority developed among the members of the C.C.B.A., and the C.C.B.A. became a centre for mobilising anti-Party forces. The liquidationist tactics of the C.C.B.A. compelled the Leninist Bolsheviks to recall their representative from it in May 1911. A little later the representatives of the Polish and Lettish Social-Democrats were recalled. In January 1912 the C.C.B.A. dissolved itself.    [p. 161]

  ^[82] The reference is to the "Open Letter" advocating liquidationist views, signed by the Mensheviks: Avgustovsky -- S. O. Tsederbaum-Yezhov; Anton -- M. S. Makadzyub; Vadim -- V. K. Ikov;

 
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V. Petrova -- L. N. Radchenko; Georgy -- B. S. Tseitlin-Batusky; Georg -- V. O. Tsederbaum-Levitsky; Yevg. Ha-az -- V. A. Gutovsky-Mayevsky; Kramolnikov -- G. I. Prigorny; D. Koltsov -- B. A. Ginsburg; Nat. Mikhailova -- R. S. Galbershtadt; Roman -- K. M. Yermolayev; Romul -- M. L. Kheisin; Solomonov -- S. I. Portugeis; Cherevanin -- F. A. Lipkin; Yuri -- P. A. Bronshtein; Y. P-y -- Y. A. Piletsky.    [p. 161]

  ^[83] Mikhail -- the Menshevik liquidator I. A. Isuv.    [p. 162]

  ^[84] "One of the C.C. members operating in Russia " -- V. P. Nogin.    [p. 162]